Author Fees Statement:

The journal operates on a fee-based publication model to support the costs associated with manuscript processing, peer review, copyediting, typesetting, proofreading, online hosting, DOI registration, website maintenance, and publication. The applicable fees are as follows:

• Manuscript Processing Charge (MPC): USD 20 per manuscript selected for editorial processing after successful completion of the initial editorial screening. 
• Publication Charge (PC): USD 30 for manuscripts accepted for publication. 

Authors are advised not to make any payment at the time of manuscript submission. Payment instructions will be communicated by the Editorial Office only after the manuscript has successfully completed the initial editorial assessment and is considered suitable for further processing.

All fees are non-refundable once the corresponding editorial or production process has commenced.

At present, the journal does not provide partial or full waivers of the prescribed manuscript processing or publication charges.

Payment of manuscript processing or publication charges does not influence the editorial assessment, peer-review process, acceptance, revision, or rejection of a manuscript. All submitted manuscripts are evaluated solely on the basis of their scientific quality, originality, ethical standards, and relevance to the scope of the journal.

The applicable charges are clearly displayed on the journal website to ensure transparency for all authors prior to manuscript submission. Any future revisions to the journal's fee structure will be announced on the journal website before becoming effective and will not apply retrospectively to manuscripts already under consideration.